Dordrecht
The first Jew to take an oath of loyalty to the city of
Dordrecht did so in 1670. By 1700, three Jews had been granted
membership in the merchants' guild. A surviving document from 1728
indicates the existence in Dordrecht of an organized Jewish
community at the time. During the 1730s, the community purchased
ground for a cemetery in the Wilgenbos, just outside of the
Sluyspoort. In 1739, the community consecrated a synagogue in the
former Mariaborn cloister.
Throughout the eighteenth century, the Jewish community was
divided over and again by feuds and conflicts, a number of which
required the intervention of Dordrecht's municipal authorities. The
conflicts were symptomatic of the extreme poverty in which much of
the community lived. During the Napoleonic period, the economic
condition of the Jews of Dordrecht worsened, required many to seek
public assistance.
Throughout the nineteenth century,
the Dordrecht community grew and the economic situation improved.
By 1856, the Jews of Dordrecht opened their own community center.
The center, located on the Varkensmarkt, contained a synagogue, a
school, and a room for other community activities. In 1871, the
expansion of the city of Dordrecht led to the closing of the old
cemetery and the purchase of ground for a new cemetery on the
Achterweg (today, Nieuwe Weg) near the Dubbeldamseweg.
Voluntary organizations maintained by the Dordrecht community
included a synagogue council, a society for aid to the poor, and
two women's societies for the upkeep of the synagogue and the
purchase of the ceremonial objects. A number of other Jewish
organizations provided care to orphans, the elderly, and refugees,
and sponsored social and cultural activities. The community also
maintained men's and women's societies for the study of Torah.
During the 1920's and 1930's, a commission was founded to
coordinate the activities of Dordrecht's Jewish organizations.
Zionist activities arose during the same period.
During the Second World War, the Jews of Dordrecht suffered the
same measures as did Jews elsewhere in the Netherlands.
Deportations commenced late in August 1942. Ultimately, the
majority of the community was deported and murdered in Nazi death
camps. Only a few Dordrecht Jews managed to avoid deportation and
survive. The Germans also vandalized the interior of the
Varkensmarkt synagogue. During the severe winter of 1944-1945,
whatever wooden furnishings that remained in the synagogue were
burnt as fuel. The community's torah scrolls somehow survived the
war.
The damaged synagogue building on the Varkensmarkt was sold in
1947 and razed in 1965. From the end of the war until 1987,
religious services were held in a series of locations in Dordrecht.
From 1987 on, the Dordrecht community was merged into that of Rotterdam and local
religious services ceased. What remained of the old cemetery was
cleared in 1958 and the remains of its dead re-interred at the
cemetery on the Nieuwe Weg. In 1996, the remains of a number of
dead were discovered to still be present at the site and were
disinterred and brought to the Jewish cemetery in Rotterdam.
Ownership of the Nieuwe Weg cemetery was transferred to the
municipality of Dordrecht in 1999. The municipality later restored
the cemetery's house for the ritual washing of the dead. The
restoration was completed in 2001 and the occasion marked by the
placement of a memorial plaque. In 1989, a monument to the murdered
Jews of Dordrecht and Zwijndrecht was unveiled at the Dordrecht
city hall. A book containing the names of Dordrecht Jews murdered
by the Germans was published in 1999.
Today, approximately fifty Jewish residents of Dordrecht meet
regularly as members of B'nei Dor.
Jewish population of Dordrecht and surroundings:
| 1809 | 310 |
| 1840 | 327 |
| 1869 | 384 |
| 1899 | 429 |
| 1930 | 322 |
Collectie en mediatheek
Aan mijn lieve bruid "Netje Zadoks"
1909
Geschreven gedicht in art-deco stijl omlijsting, met in boven- en onderrand een
davidster. In de zijpilaren van de omlijsting bevinden zich twee monogrammen gevormd ...
Collectie > Museumstukken > 09324
meer treffers in Collectie > Museumstukken
Dossier
Dossiers (158) van de Commissie voor Oorlogsschade mbt 155 joodse
gemeentes (Amsterdam en mediene), 1945-1950.
Collectie > Documenten > 00005954
meer treffers in Collectie > Documenten
Portretfoto
1890 (ca.)
Dubbelportret met Izak en Rozet Zadoks-Levisson, circa 1890.
Collectie > Fotos > 40000676
meer treffers in Collectie > Fotos
[Binnenland] : Amsterdam
Vermelding van benoemingen met betrekking tot de Ned. Isr. schoolbesturen.
Collectie > Joodse pers > 20031385
meer treffers in Collectie > Joodse pers
Joods leven in Dordrecht
1988 (cop.)
Joods leven in Dordrecht.
Collectie > Literatuur > 11506469
meer treffers in Collectie > Literatuur
Wonderen bestaan : Schoontje Braadbaart
In het programma Wonderen Bestaan gaat het eerste item over Schoontje Braadbaart.
In Dordrecht gaat het verhaal dat op Voorstraat 8 al dertig jaar de geest van ...
Collectie > Audiovisueel > 40001614
Interview met Elie Dasberg (Dordrecht-1904) over zijn jeugd in Dordrecht, het zionisme...
1982
titel, Interview met Elie Dasberg (Dordrecht-1904) over zijn jeugd in Dordrecht,
het zionisme en rabbijn Dasberg en zijn kille, 24-11-1982. maker, Cahen, Joël. ...
Collectie > Audiovisueel > 30000005
