Vlissingen
Several Portuguese Jews moved to Vlissingen from Antwerp
sometime late in the 16th century but remained in the town only for
short time. It was not until the second quarter of the 18th century
that a Jewish population once again arose in Vlissingen. The new
settlers were Ashkenazi Jews. In 1738 these new arrivals were
granted permission by the local authorities to purchase two
properties in the Lange Noordstraat (the present-day Molenstraat)
and furnish them as synagogues. In the same year, the group also
established a cemetery on the present-day Julianalaan. Some years
later, the Ashkenazim also left Vlissingen.
By
about 1845, a Jewish community had risen anew at Vlissingen and was
granted independent status from the larger Jewish community at Middelburg.
Until 1861, the Jews of Vlissingen held religious services at a
locale in the Rioolstraat and, for number of years thereafter, at
another locale in the Beursstraat. A subsidy from the national
government of the Netherlands enabled the Vlissingen community to
commence construction of a new synagogue at a site on the Peperdijk
in 1867. That synagogue was consecrated in 1868 and remained in use
until 1920. In 1870, the Vlissingen community purchased ground for
a Jewish cemetery on the Julianalaan near the Leeuwentrap. In the
same year, a portion of the Vredehof cemetery on the Koudekerkseweg
was also inaugurated as a Jewish cemetery.
At the outset of the 20th century, the Jewish community at
Vlissingen was governed by a board and council and also maintained
a separate board for distribution of aid to the poor. Voluntary
organizations included a burial society, a society for the upkeep
of the interior of the synagogue, and a society for aiding the
needy. As a century progressed, the community shrunk in size as
many local Jews joined the general trend and migrated to the
country's larger and industrialized cities. Nevertheless, a new
synagogue was inaugurated on the Gravenstraat in 1921. In the years
that followed, however, the community used their new synagogue only
on holidays.
The synagogue was plundered by German occupation forces in 1940. By
that time, however, the synagogue's Torah scrolls and other
ceremonial objects had already been taken to Amsterdam. The Jews of
Vlissingen were forcibly moved to Amsterdam in March of 1942. From
Amsterdam, they were deported and ultimately murdered in Nazi death
camps. Only two of the Jews of Vlissingen survived the war in
hiding.
Jewish life was not reestablished in Vlissingen after the war. The
synagogue, which had been heavily damaged during an Allied
bombardment in 1944, was razed in 1945. In 1948, Vlissingen was
placed within the jurisdiction of the Jewish community at
Middelburg.
A memorial dedicated to the Jews of the province of Zeeland
murdered during the war was unveiled in the Jewish cemetery on the
Vredenhoflaan in 1954. The local authorities cleaned up the
cemetery in 2004 as part of the preparations for its reopening. The
house for the ritual preparation of the dead at the cemetery was
restored in the same year; as part of the restoration, the building
was refitted with its original decorative tiles. Today, all Jews
residing in the province of Zeeland comprise a single community,
the NIK Zeeland.
Jewish population of Vlissingen and surroundings:
| 1809 | 9 |
| 1840 | 67 |
| 1869 | 90 |
| 1899 | 125 |
| 1930 | 55 |
Collectie en mediatheek
Fotoalbum
Twee losbladige fotoalbums met 148 kleurenfoto's van joodse
begraafplaatsen in Nederland, jaren '80.
Collectie > Fotos > 40006664
meer treffers in Collectie > Fotos
Dossier
Dossiers (158) van de Commissie voor Oorlogsschade mbt 155 joodse
gemeentes (Amsterdam en mediene), 1945-1950.
Collectie > Documenten > 00005954
meer treffers in Collectie > Documenten
Affiche
1925-1940
Witte zwaan met op zijn rug een staande kabouter
met drie vulpenhouders in zijn armen.
Collectie > Museumstukken > 07225
Portret van man met bril
1943-1944
Portretkop van kalende man, en trois-quarts nr, met bril met dun, rond montuur,
en een kaal hoofd. Hoofd en nek donker, van colbertjasje, overhemd en stropdas alleen ...
Collectie > Museumstukken > 01061
De herdenking van het 200-Jarig bestaan der Hoofdsynagoge te Middelburg.
1906
Verslag van de viering van het tweehonderdjarige bestaan van de synagoge in Middelburg .
Collectie > Joodse pers > 20003089
meer treffers in Collectie > Joodse pers
De joodse gemeente te Vlissingen
1983
De joodse gemeente te Vlissingen.
Collectie > Literatuur > 11000065
meer treffers in Collectie > Literatuur
[Vakantie- en familiefilms van Simon Peereboom]
1934-1957
Op video overgezette films van: Weesperstraat, strand, IJmuiden, Vlissingen,
Scheveningen, Waterlooplein, Jodenbreestraat en een begrafenis, uit de periode 1934 ...
Collectie > Audiovisueel > 40000092
