Rijssen
Jews
settled in Rijssen sometime during the 18th century. During the
1790s, Jewish inhabitants of Rijssen were assigned ground for a
cemetery in the street named De Hagen. By 1813, eight Jewish
families resided in Rijssen. They earned their livings as traders,
butchers, and farmers. Their children attended the local public
school.
An organized Jewish community was founded in Rijssen after 1813. In
1830, the community built a synagogue on the Elsenerstraat. In
1838, the Rijssen community was awarded independent status. In
1878, the community opened a new cemetery in a lane named de
Brekelt, a side street of the Arend Baanstraat. A new synagogue was
constructed in Rijssen in 1885.
At the outset of the 20th century, the Rijssen community was
governed by three-member directorate. The community employed a
religious teacher of its own for its children. A Jewish-owned cigar
factory stood in Wierdensestraat at the time.
Between November 1942 and April 1943, under the German occupation
of the Netherlands during the Second World War, almost all the Jews
in Rijssen were deported and later murdered in Nazi death camps.
Only a few returned alive from the camps. A small number of local
Jews managed to survive the war in hiding. The synagogue was used
as a storage place during the war; a part of its contents had been
taken to Almelo
and was later recovered.
The synagogue at Rijssen was sold soon after the war. The Rijssen
community was dissolved in 1948; the location was then placed under
the jurisdiction of the Jewish community at Almelo. The cemetery in
De Hagen was cleared away in 1949. The cemetery near the Arend
Baanstraat is now maintained by local authorities. A monument in
memory of the more than 100 Jewish residents of Rijssen deported
and murdered during the Second World War was unveiled in the
cemetery in 1990. In 1998, a memorial plaque was mounted on the
façade of Elsenerstraat 47, the building that had once served as
the synagogue of the vanished Jews of Rijssen.
Nijverdal and Holten
The
Koninklijke Stoomweverij (Royal Steam Looms) owned by the
Jewish Salomonson family in nearby Nijverdal contributed much to
the local economy. During the mid-nineteenth century, the
Salomonson family also established a business in nearby Holten, the
presence of which attracted Jewish residents. An attempt to create
an independent Jewish community at Holten did not succeed;
nevertheless, a synagogue was built in Holten in 1921. The
synagogue was sold after the war.
In 1942, under the German occupation of the Netherlands during the
Second World War, a prison work camp for Jews was opened at
Twilhaar near Nijverdal. Throughout the war, Nijverdal was a center
of organized anti-German resistance in the province of Overijssel.
Twelve local families provided hiding places to Jewish
children.
Hellendoorn
A small Jewish community arose in Hellendoorn during the second
half of the eighteenth century and continued to grow over the
course of the nineteenth. The Jews of Hellendoorn prayed in a house
on the Schapenmarkt in the cellar of which they built a ritual
bath. In its early years, the Hellendoorn community buried its dead
in the Jewish cemetery at Raalte. In 1852, they opened a
cemetery of their own in the neighborhood called Nieuwstad on the
present-day Ommerweg. As the nineteenth century drew to a close to
Jewish population of Hellendoorn began to fall. The fate of the
Hellendoorn synagogue is not known. The local authorities maintain
the Jewish cemetery in which only a dozen or so gravestones remain
visible.
Jewish population of Rijssen en and surroundings:
| 1748 | 3 |
| 1809 | 57 |
| 1840 | 56 |
| 1869 | 121 |
| 1899 | 176 |
| 1930 | 207 |
Collectie en mediatheek
Tabakszak
Rechthoekige tabakszak van bruin pakpapier waarop in donkerblauw een
afbeelding van een ruiter in uniform op wit paard.
Collectie > Museumstukken > 07746
meer treffers in Collectie > Museumstukken
Dossier
Dossiers (158) van de Commissie voor Oorlogsschade mbt 155 joodse
gemeentes (Amsterdam en mediene), 1945-1950.
Collectie > Documenten > B0005954
meer treffers in Collectie > Documenten
Prentbriefkaart
1943 (ca.)
Prentbriefkaart van het Salomonspark in Nijverdal, circa 1943.
Collectie > Fotos > 40006184
Verslag van de handelingen der Permanente Commissie tot de Alg. Zaken van het N.I...
1909
Vierde en laatste deel van het jaarverslag van de Permanente Commissie.
Collectie > Joodse pers > 20065915
meer treffers in Collectie > Joodse pers
Over "De Joodse Natie" te Rijssen
1985
Over "De Joodse Natie" te Rijssen.
Collectie > Literatuur > 11000163
