Haaksbergen
The
first Jew to settle in Haaksbergen, a ritual slaughterer and
trader, arrived in the village at the end of the seventeenth
century. By the middle of the eighteenth century, more Jews arrived
in Haaksbergen, this despite the opposition of regional
authorities. By the outset of the nineteenth century, the Jewish
population of Haaksbergen had grown to more than fifty, most of
whom lived in poverty.
Until the nineteenth century, the Jews of Haaksbergen gathered for
prayer in private homes. In 1825, the community purchased ground on
Morsinkhofsteeg on which to construct a synagogue. The newly built
synagogue was inaugurated in 1828 despite objections from the
Catholic community. At about the same time, the Haaksbergen Jewish
community received independent status; prior to then it had been
attached to the Jewish community at nearby Goor. The Jewish cemetery on
Goorsestraat in Haaksbergen was enlarged in 1867. The core of the
cemetery dates to the 1740's.
Over the course of the nineteenth century, the majority of the Jews
of Haaksbergen continued to work as traders and as ritual
slaughters. A rag processing factory was established in the village
by a Jew named Salomon Frankenhuis in 1885.
Organizations maintained by the Haaksbergen community included a
community council, a combined burial society and Talmud study
fellowship, and a women's association for the upkeep of the
synagogue. The community's children received their Jewish education
from a traveling teacher. In 1908, the community razed the Mikve
located next to the synagogue and converted the adjacent school
room into a new Mikve. From then on, Jewish religious lessons were
held on the premises of the local public school.
The
Jewish population of Haaksbergen peaked early in the twentieth
century and then set into decline. The decline was partially offset
during the 1930's by the arrival in Haaksbergen of Jewish refugees
from Germany.
In 1941, under the German occupation of the Netherlands during the
Second World War, approximately a third of the Jews in Haaksbergen
were deported and murdered in Nazi death camps. The remaining
two-thirds went into hiding, mostly with local Christians. The
synagogue, along with most of its contents, came through the war
unharmed.
Jews continued to reside in Haaksbergen during the post-war period
but by 1967 the local Jewish population had shrunk to the point
that synagogue services could no longer be held. As a result, the
community was dissolved in 1972 and placed within the jurisdiction
of the Jewish community at Hengelo. The ritual bath was
razed in 1978 but the synagogue itself was spared due to the
initiative of a local committee specially formed to save it. The
building was restored in 1982 and currently houses the synagogue of
the Liberaal Joodse Gemeente Twente (Liberal Jewish
Community of the Twente Region). The Jewish cemetery at Haaksbergen
has been declared a national monument and has been maintained by
the local authorities since 1991.
Jewish population of Haaksbergen:
| 1748 | 10 |
| 1795 | 51 |
| 1809 | 56 |
| 1840 | 33 |
| 1869 | 39 |
| 1899 | 62 |
| 1930 | 37 |
| 1951 | 33 |
| 1971 | 10 |
Collectie en mediatheek
Dossier
Dossiers (158) van de Commissie voor Oorlogsschade mbt 155 joodse
gemeentes (Amsterdam en mediene), 1945-1950.
Collectie > Documenten > 00005954
meer treffers in Collectie > Documenten
Toramantel
1800-1850
geborduurd zijden wetsrolmantel, met enigszins uitstaand geplooid model, met aan
de bovenkant goudkleurige franje en hebreeuwse tekst en geborduurd bloemmotief. ...
Collectie > Museumstukken > 00952
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Fotoalbum
1936
Fotoalbum met vakantie- en privéfoto's (101) van verpleegster H. Salomons,
en foto's (55) van het Ned. Isr. Ziekenhuis NIZ, 1936-1959.
Collectie > Fotos > 40000399
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De kleine synagoge van Haaksbergen
1988
De kleine synagoge van Haaksbergen.
Collectie > Literatuur > 11000531
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Verslag van de Handelingen der Permanente Commissie, van Juni 1900 tot Juni 1901. [Slot...
1901
Derde en laatste deel van een samenvatting van het jaarverslag van de
Permanente Commissie van het Ned. Isr. Kerkgenootschap.
Collectie > Joodse pers > 20049651
meer treffers in Collectie > Joodse pers
De verdwenen mediene : het joodse leven in de provincie voor de Tweede Wereldoorlog
2003
Documentaire over het vooroorlogse dagelijkse joodse leven in diverse
Nederlandse provincies, de mediene. Met unieke archiefbeelden.
Collectie > Audiovisueel > 40001518
