Tilburg
In 1767 a Jew from the town of Oisterwijk was granted
permission by the provincial parliament to settle in Tilburg, this
despite the opposition of Tilburg's town council. In 1791
additional pressure from the provincial parliament enabled a number
of Jewish families to settle in Tilburg as well.
Early in the 19th century, the industrialization of Tilburg
attracted more Jews to move to the town from Oisterwijk. Between
1814 and 1819, synagogue services were being held in several hired
locales in Tilburg. In 1820, the Jews of Tilburg purchased a
building on the Piusplein and converted it into a synagogue. Later,
the continued growth of the Jewish population of Tilburg caused the
community to move the synagogue to a larger building on the
Zomerstraat. In 1873-1874, the community built a new synagogue on
the Comediestraat, the present-day Willem II-straat.
Most of
the Jews in Tilburg worked in the retail trade, the textile
industry, and the meat business. The Tilburg community was governed
by a community council and community directorate. The community
directorate also served as a board for providing aid to the poor.
Little is known about Jewish education in Tilburg; however, it is
certain that no Jewish school existed in the town during the 19th
century. During the early years of Jewish presence in Tilburg, the
community buried its dead at the Jewish cemetery in Oisterwijk. In
1855, the community opened a new cemetery located on the Bredaseweg
in Tilburg.
The Jewish population of Tilburg continued to grow during the
early-twentieth century, in part due to the town's flourishing
economy. Jewish life bloomed and numerous social and cultural
organizations were founded. During the 1930s, a significant number
of Jewish refugees from Germany settled in Tilburg.
During the World War II German occupation of the Netherlands,
Jewish children were expelled from Tilburg's public schools in
September, 1941. In the same month, a Jewish school was
established. The Jewish school functioned through April of 1943. A
branch of the German-controlled Jewish Council was established in
Tilburg in the summer of 1942.
Between August 1942 and May 1943 about 40% of the Jewish
population was being deported. Only a small number of
them returned from the camps. The majority of the Jews of
Tilburg however, survived by hiding. Jews from elsewhere in
the Netherlands also found hiding places in and around
Tilburg.
The interior of the Tilburg synagogue was completely destroyed
during the war. During the occupation, the Germans used the
synagogue as a depot for furnishings and ceremonial objects robbed
from other synagogues in the region.
Jewish
life was reestablished in Tilburg after the war. The synagogue was
reopened in 1949. Ownership of the synagogue building was
transferred to the municipality in 1976. For a time, the building
served number of social and cultural functions. In 1998, ownership
reverted to the Liberaal Joodse Gemeente Brabant (Liberal Jewish
Community of Brabant). Due to declining membership, the local
Orthodox community (NIG Tilburg) plans to fuse with the Orthodox
community in Breda sometime in the near
future.
A memorial stone honoring Jews of Tilburg murdered during the war
was unveiled at the Jewish cemetery in 1948. A plaque in memory of
deported Jewish school children was unveiled in Centrum School on
the Korte Schijfstraat in 1989. The cemetery on the Bredaseweg has
been maintained by the local authorities since 1973. Restoration of
the house for the ritual preparation of the dead was completed in
2005.
Jewish population of Tilburg:
| 1809 | 26 |
| 1840 | 126 |
| 1869 | 112 |
| 1899 | 142 |
| 1930 | 171 |
| 1951 | 120 |
| 1971 | 45 |
| 1998 | 13 |
Collectie en mediatheek
Katern
1928-1929
Katernen (7) met biografieën en portretfoto's van bekende joodse zakenlieden afkomstig
uit een seriewerk over bekende mannen getiteld "Leading men at home and abroad ...
Collectie > Documenten > 00009873
meer treffers in Collectie > Documenten
Stempel
object, stempel. materiaal, messing & hout. hoogte, 11.2. diepte, ø 4.0. collectie,
Joods Historisch Museum, collectie Jaap van Velzen. trefwoorden, Tilburg ringsynagoge ...
Collectie > Museumstukken > 07668
[Barend Polak]
1918
Kalende, oudere heer, met snor en ronde metalen bril, ter halver lijve zittend en
face aan een tafel met vloeiblad en inktstel. In zijn r.hand een sigaar. Als ...
Collectie > Museumstukken > B0176
Groepsfoto
1944-10-27
Joods gezin na twee jaar ondergedoken te zijn geweest in Tilburg (Gasstraat), 1944.
Collectie > Fotos > 40000204
meer treffers in Collectie > Fotos
[Binnenland] : Amsterdam
Vermelding van benoemingen met betrekking tot de Ned. Isr. schoolbesturen.
Collectie > Joodse pers > 20031385
meer treffers in Collectie > Joodse pers
Verborgen in Brabantse bodem : Joodse begraafplaatsen in Noord-Brabant
2002
Verborgen in Brabantse bodem : Joodse begraafplaatsen in Noord-Brabant.
Collectie > Literatuur > 12009668
meer treffers in Collectie > Literatuur
Een steen onderweg : mensen rond de Tilburgse synagoge
1994
Documentaire over onderduik in de Tweede Wereldoorlog, over de wederopbouw en de
herinwijding van de Tilburgse synagoge in 1949 en over haar functioneren vijftig ...
Collectie > Audiovisueel > 40001526
