Veendam en Wildervank
Jews settled in Veendam and Wildervank during the last decades
of the 17th century. In 1738, a Jew living in Veendam built a house
on the Midden-Verlaat to serve as a synagogue for local Jews. In
1745, this synagogue was replaced by another one set up in a
private home also located on the Midden-Verlaat. This building was
bought by the local Jewish community sometime during the 1790s. The
building was renovated and officially reopened as a synagogue in
1798. A Jewish cemetery was established along the Jagtveensloot
during the mid-18th-century; it was expanded in 1779 and once again
in 1902.
At the
outset of the 19th century the Jewish community of
Veendam-Wildervank was a relatively large one by Dutch standards.
Most of the community's breadwinners worked as butchers, retailers,
market peddlers, and dealers in hides.
Initially, the Jews of Veendam and Wildervank were considered part
of the Jewish community at Meppel. In approximately 1810,
conflicts amongst the Jews of Veendam and Wildervank required
intervention from outside. In 1821, the Jews of Veendam and
Wildervank were recognized as constituting an independent
Ringsynagoge (regional community) under the aegis of the
Jewish community at Groningen.
The Jewish population of Veendam and Wildervank rose throughout the
19th century. At the time, the community was managed by seven of
its members, of whom three formed a directorate to handle daily
affairs. Other officials of the community included a council for
distribution of aid to the poor and a treasurer for collecting and
dispensing funds to aid Jewish settlers in Eretz Israel.
Approximately twelve voluntary organizations are maintained by
local Jews. These included a burial society, study fellowships,
societies for aiding the sick and the needy, and a society
responsible for the upkeep of the interior of the synagogue. The
Maatschappij tot Nut der Israëlieten in Nederland (Society
for the Welfare of Jews in the Netherlands) also maintained a
chapter in Veendam and Wildervank. The community maintained a
school for Jewish children which reached the peak of its activities
in about 1860. The local synagogue was a renovated in 1892.
Early
in the 20th century a Jewish cultural youth organization was
established in Veendam and Wildervank as was a society for the
assistance of pioneers bound for Palestine. Local Jews were also
active in local life at the time, with several members of the
community participating in public administration.
The Jewish population of Veendam and Wildervank peaked at the
outset of the 20th century and declined thereafter. This was due in
part to the poverty of the region and to the attraction of larger,
industrialized locales. Many of the Jews remaining in the Veendam
and Wildervank worked as butchers.
During the World War II German occupation of the Netherlands
approximately ten Jews from Veendam and Wildervank managed to
survive the war in hiding. The rest were taken in the autumn of
1942 to the detention and transit camp at Westerbork and from there
deported to Nazi death camps in Poland were most were murdered. The
community's Torah scrolls were taken to Amsterdam for safekeeping
but were never recovered.
The Jewish community of Veendam and Wildervank was dissolved in
1948 and the locale placed within the jurisdiction of the Jewish
community at Stadskanaal. The synagogue was
sold just after the war and razed in 1947.
In 1967, a small monument was unveiled to mark the place where the
synagogue had once stood. A monument to the murdered Jews of
Veendam and Wildervank was unveiled at the local Jewish cemetery in
1951. The cemetery is currently maintained by the municipal
authorities.
Muntendam
A small number of Jews lived in nearby Muntendam during
the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th.
Jewish population of Veendam and Wildervank:
| 1778 | 174 |
| 1809 | 251 |
| 1840 | 365 |
| 1869 | 502 |
| 1899 | 520 |
| 1930 | 283 |
Collectie en mediatheek
Dossier
Dossiers (158) van de Commissie voor Oorlogsschade mbt 155 joodse
gemeentes (Amsterdam en mediene), 1945-1950.
Collectie > Documenten > 00005954
meer treffers in Collectie > Documenten
Judith Sanders
1910
Portret van Judith Sanders, borstbeeld en trois quart naar links Ze draagt een zwarte
japon met witte bies en kanten pas, een parelsnoer dubbel om de hals en oorbellen ...
Collectie > Museumstukken > 02287
meer treffers in Collectie > Museumstukken
Familiefoto
1941 (ca.)
Joël van Delft (1936-1943) staand voor een huis in Wildervank, circa 1941.
Collectie > Fotos > 40012975
meer treffers in Collectie > Fotos
[Binnenland] : Benoemingen
Benoemingen door de Permanente Commissie in diverse schoolbesturen.
Collectie > Joodse pers > 20031865
meer treffers in Collectie > Joodse pers
Klein en groot zijn daar gelijk : de Joodse begraafplaatsen in de provincie Groningen
2009
Klein en groot zijn daar gelijk : de Joodse begraafplaatsen in de provincie Groningen.
Collectie > Literatuur > 12015341
meer treffers in Collectie > Literatuur
Interview met Koos Caneel (Mordechaj ben Josef) (Veendam 1909), sedert 1938 getrouwd...
1983
titel, Interview met Koos Caneel (Mordechaj ben Josef) (Veendam 1909), sedert 1938
getrouwd met Ina Polak: over joods leven in Veendam, zijn carriere van ...
Collectie > Audiovisueel > 30000017
