Smilde
Jews first settled in Smilde just prior to 1780. Their arrival
met with the opposition of the local population, a problem that
persisted into the 19th century. Local opposition went so far that,
in 1806, the provincial authorities were compelled to intervene on
behalf of local Jews.
The
Jewish population of Smilde grew during the first half of the
nineteenth century. An organized Jewish community was established
at Smilde sometime prior to 1821. In 1825, the Smilde community was
formally recognized by the Nederlands-Israëlitisch
Kerkgenootschap (the central consistory of Dutch Jewry) as a
Bijkerk or local community under the aegis of the regional
Jewish community at Dwingeloo. In 1846, a synagogue
was built in Kloosterveen, one of the villages on the vast
peat-moors of Smilde. In 1848, the Smilde community purchased
ground along the Drentse Hoofdvaart canal for use as a
cemetery.
Official bodies within the Smilde community included a community
council, a community directorate, and a treasurer for collecting
and dispersing funds in aid of the Jews in Eretz Israel. The
community provided Jewish education for its children. During the
1850's, and internal conflict divided the community for short time.
At the time, most of the Jews in Smilde worked in retail trade or
as butchers. The Jews of Smilde were also active in the affairs of
secular society in the provinces of Drenthe en Groningen.
The Jewish population of Smilde declined over the last decades of
the nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth. By the
eve of the Second World War, the Smilde community had practically
ceased to exist. Under the German occupation of the Netherlands
during the war, almost all the Jews of Smilde were deported and
murdered. The Smilde community's former Jewish school was converted
into a private residence in 1943. The local synagogue was razed
just after the war; the fate of its furnishings and appurtenances
remains unknown. In 1950, the Jewish community at Smilde was merged
into that at Assen. The local Jewish cemetery
currently is maintained by the local authorities.
Jewish population of Smilde:
| 1809 | 24 |
| 1840 | 88 |
| 1869 | 150 |
| 1899 | 75 |
| 1930 | 16 |
Collectie en mediatheek
Jad
1836
object, jad. maker, Doomer, Dierk. materiaal, zilver. datering, 1836. plaats, Amsterdam
& Nederland. hoogte, 32.6. diepte, ø 1.5. collectie, Joods Historisch Museum ...
Collectie > Museumstukken > 01329
Jad
1850-1875
object, jad. maker, onbekend. materiaal, zilver. datering, 1850=1875. plaats, Nederland.
hoogte, 32.0. diepte, ø 2.8. collectie, Joods Historisch Museum. ...
Collectie > Museumstukken > 01328
Dossier
Dossiers (158) van de Commissie voor Oorlogsschade mbt 155 joodse
gemeentes (Amsterdam en mediene), 1945-1950.
Collectie > Documenten > 00005954
Dossier
1887-1888
Dossier met verslagen en correspondentie mbt meerdere
Ned. Isr. Gemeenten, 1887-1888.
Collectie > Documenten > 00005443
Overzichtsfoto
1984 (ca.)
Foto's (7) van de joodse begraafplaats in Smilde, circa 1984.
Collectie > Fotos > 40011074
[Binnenland] : Amsterdam
Vermelding van benoemingen met betrekking tot de Ned. Isr. schoolbesturen.
Collectie > Joodse pers > 20031385
meer treffers in Collectie > Joodse pers
Gegevens over joodse inwoners in Drente
1999
Gegevens over joodse inwoners in Drente.
Collectie > Literatuur > 12016779
