Jewish High School and Lyceum
Voormalige Stadstimmertuin 1 en 2
Standing opposite each other on a side street off the river Amstel, Voormalige Stadstimmertuin, are the buildings that once housed the Jewish High School and the Jewish Lyceum, a type of secondary school.
Jewish High school
In 1848 freedom of education was established under the law of the Netherlands. As a consequence, in 1920 a law was passed stating that the government should grant equal subsidies to state (public) and independent (private) schools. This made it possible to found a Jewish high school and in 1928 this opened with 22 pupils. It was an Orthodox Jewish school, initially located on Herengracht, but moved in 1938 to number 2 Voormalige Stadstimmertuin, which lay right at the heart of the Jewish neighbourhood where most of the poorer pupils lived.
Jewish Lyceum
The Jewish Lyceum (1941-1943) was established at number 1 Voormalige Stadstimmertuin, as a direct result of German measures during the occupation of the Netherlands. The Germans ordered all Jewish pupils at state high schools in Amsterdam to leave; many Jewish children attended these schools. Now they were only allowed to go to a specifically Jewish school.
The Jewish Lyceum, unlike the Jewish High School,
was not a religious foundation. Its most famous pupil is Anne Frank
(1929-1945). One of the teachers at the school was Jacques Presser
(1899-1970), later to become one of the Netherlands' most renowned
historians. In his book, Ashes in the Wind: the destruction of
Dutch Jewry (1965) Presser describes the Jewish high school as
follows:
A school like any other, some pupils arriving late, some disobedient children, punishments, absenteeism … At this point the writer hesitates a moment, since absentees at this school were a very rare phenomenon. If there were 'disturbances' in the city there would be noticeable gaps in the classrooms; but that wasn't the only thing. The writer will never forget the slight gesture (it was scarcely ever more than that) with which the class followed his glance (it was scarcely ever more that that) towards an empty place; sometimes it was a small flick of the hand, meaning gone underground; sometimes it was a clenched fist, meaning arrested; pantomime lasting a couple of seconds, performed many times.
Very few of the pupils from either of the Jewish
high schools survived the war. The building that was once the
Jewish Lyceum remembers its past with a wall plaque and a distorted
Star of David. After the war the Jewish High School reopened in the
street Voormalige Stadstimmertuin. At the end of the 1950s the
school was renamed Joods Lyceum Maimonides, after the 12th-century
Jewish scholar Maimonides. In 1973 the school moved from the city
centre to the Amsterdam suburb of Buitenveldert.
Collectie en mediatheek
De Joodse H.B.S. De school voor het Joodse kind
1938
Brochure van de joodse HBS, 1938.
Collectie > Documenten > 00009884
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Education permanante
1983
Portret van jonge vrouw, tot middel, en 3/4 naar l.,zit achter
schooltafel, waarop twee opengeslagen boeken.
Collectie > Museumstukken > 02471
Groepsfoto
1941
Groepsfoto van leraren en leerlingen van de Joodse HBS aan de
Voormalige Stadstimmertuin in Amsterdam, circa 1941.
Collectie > Fotos > 40006604
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[Binnenland] : Amsterdam
1908
Verslag van de tweede bijeenkomst waarbij werd gesproken over de oprichting van
een school voor middelbaar onderwijs op Joodse grondslag. De voorbereidingscommissie ...
Collectie > Joodse pers > 20063637
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[nr. 19, arrest Hoge Raad (kort geding) 22 januari 1988 inzake toelating A. Brucker tot...
1988
[nr. 19, arrest Hoge Raad (kort geding) 22 januari 1988 inzake
toelating A. Brucker tot joodse school].
Collectie > Literatuur > 11000552
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Joods onderwijs in Nederland
Documentaire over joods onderwijs in Nederland. Er wordt zowel ingegaan op de
geschiedenis van het joodse onderwijs als op joodse onderwijs nu. Onder andere zien ...
Collectie > Audiovisueel > 40001152
